How to Start Poultry Farming in Nigeria (Step By Step Guide)

How to Start Poultry Farming in Nigeria (Step By Step Guide)


Poultry Farming in Nigeria… Do you know that Poultry framing is one of the most lucrative ventures in that you can make thousands of Naira weekly especially when it is set up and managed properly?

Do you know that there is this  high demand for chicken meat and eggs from companies like: 

  • Tantalizers 
  • Companies  
  • Crunchies  
  • Mr Biggs 
  • Hotels  
  • Fast food 
  • Restaurants etc 

This high demand has truly proven that Poultry farming in Nigeria is indeed a very lucrative business.  
The business of rearing chicken and producing eggs for sale has created an opportunity for some young graduates, retired civil servants, and others to earn a regular income and also provide employment for a countless number of Nigerians.


In recent times, there is an increment and major investment in poultry farming, but I have still discovered that there is still a shortfall in the supply of chicken meat and eggs in the country. 
It is a proven fact that frozen chicken is still been smuggled by some traders into Nigeria from neighboring countries reason being that most of the poultry farms in Nigeria operate on a small scale and can’t meet up with the increasing daily demand for chicken meat and eggs.


If you really want to make good money within a few months, the wisest decision is to invest in” COMMERCIAL POULTRY FARMING” 
This is a business one can invest in and start earning profits in a period of eight (8)  Months. It’s time you make up your mind now to bid final goodbye to poverty by investing in a poultry farm.

Types of Poultry Systems

1. BATTERY CAGE SYSTEM: The battery cage system for rearing chickens involves putting your birds in a cage. 
While the deep litter system involves rearing the chicken on the floor covered with a saw duct.


2. WHILE THE DEEP LITTER SYSTEM: involves rearing the chicken on the floor covered with a saw duct. 
The Battery cage system has some advantages, it helps to keep your birds from coming in contact with their droppings that may cause infection, but it is capital intensive.


The deep litter system does not require huge capital to set up your poultry farm business. 
You can actually start a small-scale poultry farm deep litter system in that plot of land of yours by rearing 500-broilers from day chicks for an 8-weeks period where you can sell them between N1k-N2k each.

STEPS 

2. HAVE A BUSINESS PLAN: This is one of the most important things to consider when going into poultry farming. A poultry business plan is like a road map leading you to where you are going in your business. It will help you know where you are at any point in time. 
Your business plan should have the following content:

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2. LAND/ LOCATION: This has a direct effect on your startup cost. A location in a very remote rural area will cost far less than the one close to an urban area. A remote rural area with a good road is the ideal location as you will be free from regulatory agencies and drive down labor costs.


3. CAPITAL: with the location in mind, you now have a clearer idea of the capital required of you. Write down your detailed capital and investment requirements for your poultry farming in Nigeria venture and set out to source for it. Like every other farming project, the bigger you plan to start, the more investment is required. You need to decide on the level of capital investment you are willing to commit to this business before starting. 
Small scale – You will need around ₦70, 000 to begin rearing chickens on small scale (around 50 birds) and keeping them in cages in your residence’s backyard.

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•    Medium scale – You need about ₦500, 000 – ₦5 million to start a mid-scale poultry farm, which needs housing and other materials over land spreading 1-2 plots.
•    Large scale – Around ₦10 million is needed for this type of intensive project.  This will involve a high degree of planning, sophistication, professionalism, and the use of advanced poultry farming techniques.


4. THE TYPE BIRD YOU WANT TO CONCENTRATE ON:  Here you choose Chickens (Layers and Broilers). This will ensure a high level of focus and professionalism. If you can do two areas, no problem. 

  • Layers Breeding which is egg production by Layers  
  • Broilers breeding which refers to the chicken meat production by Broilers 
  • Hatchery which has to do with breeding chickens for the purpose of Hatching new chicks 

Build a suitable  Structure:  House is very important for chicken rearing and effective keeping and management. Poultry housing is classified according to the scale and the management system. The most common types of poultry housing used for poultry farming in Nigeria are: 

  • Deep litter-
    •    Half litter and half slats
    •    Battery cage system

Items Needed for Poultry Farming and their Uses

1. Feeders: Feeders are equipment used in feeding poultry birds. The food is deposited in the feeder and the birds feed on it. The number of feeders provided for a poultry farm should be according to the number of birds available. It is important that you always keep the feeders clean to ensure the health and safety of the birds.


2. Heaters or Brooders: It is essential that the temperature of the poultry farm be regulated especially during cold weather. The heater or brooder is the equipment used in regulating and increasing the temperature of the poultry farm. These help to keep the birds warm when the weather is cold.


3. Incubator: This is an instrument used in hatching eggs. Egg hatchery with an incubator can be described as a means of hatching eggs in an unnatural way. These means can be employed when there are many eggs to be hatched.

 
4. Chick box: The chick box is the equipment where the poultry birds are kept for egg-laying. It has a roll-away egg tray attached to it so that when eggs are laid, they roll away and the birds will not trample on the eggs. This particular equipment help in preventing egg damage.

 
5. Fly Tray: Flytrap is the equipment used in controlling the number of flies around a poultry farm. It helps poultry farmers reduce the number of flies in the poultry. 


6. Poultry Plucker Rubber Finger: This is the equipment applied to the chicken dressing machine. These rubber fingers are fixed to the bottom and side plate of the dressing machine to produce many dressed chickens in a short period.

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7. Egg Tray: This is the equipment used in setting the eggs. Just like the name, it is tray-like equipment where the eggs are placed for sampling.

Additional Items Needed for Poultry Farming Plus More Uses


8. Poultry Incubator Controller: A poultry incubator controller is the equipment used for controlling the incubator and timer counter. It displays the temperature and humidity condition of the incubator. 


9. Laying Nest: Laying nest is another piece of equipment that help the birds for laying eggs. One of the advantages of this equipment is that it increases the egg productivity of poultry birds. 


10. Egg Scale: This is the equipment used in weighing the weight of the eggs. It helps the poultry farmer know the eggs that are fertile enough for hatchery because it is assumed that an underweight egg does not have what it takes to form a chick.


11. Egg Washer: Egg washer is the equipment that makes use of a powder called the egg washing powder. Water is added to the egg washer and then the egg washing powder is added also. It is used for washing the eggs before delivery. 


12. Water Pots and Drinkers: Neat water is required for growth and digestion in poultry birds just like in humans. Therefore, the drinkers are equipment used for supplying water to the birds. You must ensure that the drinkers are washed regularly to avoid disease.


13. Cages and CoopsThis poultry equipment is used for keeping poultry birds. Coops and cages are poultry equipment suitable for small-scale poultry farming. 
Poultry farming in Nigeria is a rapidly growing industry, so why wait, start now! 

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